从神话思维看苗族古歌《仰阿莎》的审美意识

On the Aesthetic Ideology in Ancient Miao Epic Song YangASHA from the Perspective of Mythological Thought

神话思维集中体现了一个民族原始思维的样貌,与审美思维有着紧密的关系,苗族古歌《仰阿莎》作为黔东南清水江与都柳江流域苗族先民精神信仰与生活图景的神话式表达,是研究苗族先民思维方式与审美意识的重要文本。本文以民间采集的几种异文的《仰阿莎》记录文本为研究对象,从神话思维的视角,阐释古歌中蕴含的以自然为美,以和谐共生为美,极富浪漫主义想象和朴素的功利思想等审美意识,进而探讨苗族先民在神话思维作用下形成的审美理想和精神诉求。

Mythological thinking epitomizes the original thought pattern of a nation and is closely related to theiraesthetic thought. Yang ASHA, an epic song passed on orally among Miao minority people inhabited in the river basins ofQingshuijiang and Duliujiang in the southeast of Guizhou, is a mythological depiction of their ancestor＇ s faith and life andthus, makes an key document in studying aesthetic ideology and mindset of ancient Miao people. This author studied theprivate collections of several different recorded texts of Yang-ASHA from the perspective of mythological thought, expoundingthe aesthetic ideology contained in the texts, such as the promoting of natural splendor, harmonious beauty, highly romanticimagination and plain utilitarian thought. Further exploration is made on aesthetic ideology and spiritual pursuance of ancientMiao people under the influence of mythological thought.