一起麻疹疑似医院感染暴发的调查分析

An investigation and analysis of a suspected nosocomial measles outbreak

目的:调查某医院内一起麻疹疑似医院感染暴发的原因,为预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法:对该院儿科2015年5月30日至6月22日发生的7例麻疹患者进行个案调查,查清密切接触者的共同暴露时间和地点,实验室测定麻疹Ig M抗体和核酸。结果 :7例麻疹患者,秦某为首发病例,秦某与罗某、杨某、冯某,程某与罗某,杨某与邵某,邵某与赵某,曾某与乔某均存在流行病学关联。对7例患者的每次住院时间、地点、活动范围及实验室结果进行调查后,确定秦某为本次暴发事件的可疑传染源。结论:早期诊断和尽早隔离疑似患者是防止麻疹院内传播的最有效措施。

Objective： To investigate the cause of a suspected nosocomial measles outbreak in a hospital, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods： A case investigation was performed for 7 patients who developed measles from May 30 to June 22, 2015 to identify the exposure time and place of close contacts, and measles IgM antibody and nucleic acid were measured. Results： Among these patients, the patient named Qin was the first case; there was an epidemiological link between Qin and Luo/Yang/ Feng, between Cheng and Luo, between Shao and Yang, and between Zeng and Qiao/Zhao. An investigation of the length of hospital stay, place, range of activity, and laboratory results showed that Qin was the suspected source of infection in this outbreak. Conclusions： Early diagnosis and isolation of suspected patients are the most effective measures for preventing nosocomial transmission of measles, and increasing the coverage of measles vaccine in medical staff is the key to preventing cross-infection.