瓜实蝇与南亚实蝇产卵选择性及种间竞争研究

Oviposition Selectivity and Competitive Research on Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) and Bactrocera tau (Walker)

【目的】为探明瓜实蝇Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)与南亚实蝇Bactrocera.tau(Walker)对不同寄主的产卵选择性及2种实蝇的种间竞争。【方法】2015年在实验室条件下选择黄瓜、佛手瓜、丝瓜、番茄、南瓜、西葫芦、苦瓜7种寄主果实,进行2种实蝇的产卵选择性研究;选择黄瓜、西葫芦、南瓜3种寄主果实,进行2种实蝇种间竞争研究。【结果】在不同寄主果实上2种实蝇的产卵选择性有所差异,瓜实蝇在完好寄主上的产卵量为黄瓜>苦瓜>丝瓜>西葫芦>佛手瓜>番茄和南瓜,在去果皮寄主上的产卵量为南瓜>黄瓜>苦瓜>西葫芦>丝瓜>佛手瓜>番茄;南亚实蝇在完好寄主上的产卵量为西葫芦>丝瓜>黄瓜>苦瓜>佛手>番茄和南瓜,在去果皮上的产卵量为西葫芦>南瓜>丝瓜>苦瓜>黄瓜>佛手瓜>番茄。瓜实蝇和南亚实蝇在不同寄主、不同密度条件下,其竞争性存在差异,低密度时,2种实蝇子代羽化虫量差异均不显著(P>0.05);当瓜实蝇与南亚实蝇的密度为8∶8时,取食黄瓜的瓜实蝇子代羽化数量显著高于南亚实蝇(P<0.05),取食西葫芦和南瓜的南亚实蝇子代羽化数量均显著高于瓜实蝇(P<0.05)。【结论】在实验条件下,不同寄主果实和寄主果皮完好与否,瓜实蝇与南亚实蝇的产卵选择性均存在差异;南亚实蝇的竞争能力较强于瓜实蝇。

[ Purpose ] The aim of this study was to determine the host selectivity of adult oviposition and interspeeific competition of melon fruit fly [ Bactrocera cucurbitae （Coquillett） ] and South Asian fruit fly [Bactrocera tau （Walker）1. [Methods] Selection tests on adult＇s oviposition of B. cucurb#ae （Coquillett） and B. tau （Walker） were conducted in lab in 2015, and fruits of seven host plants, Cuc- umis sativus, Sechium edule, Luffa cylindrical, Lycopersicon esculentum, Cucurbita moschata, C. pepo,Momordica charantia were used as hosts. Also, the interspecific competition of these two fruit flies were tested on fruits of three host plants, C. sativus, C. pepo and C. moschata. [Results] The host selec- tivity of adult＇s oviposition between these two species of fruit flies were different among different fruits of host plants. The oviposition amount sequence （from high to low） of B. cucurbitae （Coquillett） on the intact fruits was C. sativus 〉 M. charantia 〉 L. cylindrica 〉 C. pepo 〉 S. edule 〉 L. esculentum and C. moschata. The oviposition sequence （from high to low） of this fruit fly on peeled fruits was C. mos- chata 〉 C. sativus 〉 M. charantia 〉 C. pepo 〉 L. cylindrica 〉 S. edule 〉 L. esctdentum. The oviposi- tion sequence （from high to low） of B. tau （Walker） on the intact fruits was C. pepo 〉 L. cylindrica 〉 C. sativus 〉 M. charantia 〉 S. edule 〉 L. esculentum and C. moschata. The oviposi- tion sequence （from high to low） on the peeled fruits was C. pepo 〉 C. moschata 〉L. cylindrica 〉M. charantia 〉 C. sativus 〉 S. edule 〉 L. esculentum. The competitive ability of B. cucurbitae and B. tau were different when host plants and population densities were different. The rate of emergence between these two fruit flies in the lowest population density wasn＇t obvious, when these two fruit flies in the high- est density （8：8） , the emergence rate of B. Cucttrbitae feeded by C. sativus was significant higher （P 〈 0. 05） than B. tau, and the emergence rate of B. tau feeded by C. pepo and C. moschata is signifi- cant higher （P 〈 0. 05） than B. cucurbitae. [ Conclusion] Adult＇ s oviposition of B. cucurbitae （ Co- quillet） and B. tau （Walker） was different when hosts were different, and it was also different when fruits peeled or not. The competitive ability of B. tau was stronger than B. cucurbitae in lab.