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云南省野生牛肝菌总汞含量测定分析及健康风险评估 被引量:5

Determination of Total Mercury and Health Risk as Assessment in Wild-grown Bolete Mushrooms from Yunnan Province
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摘要 【目的】系统测定云南常见野生牛肝菌中总Hg含量,分析不同产地、种类及不同部位牛肝菌对Hg的富集规律和积累特征,评价野生牛肝菌的食用安全性,为野生食用菌产业的发展和食用安全评估提供数据依据。【方法】采用MA-2000直接测Hg仪—冷原子吸收光谱法测定牛肝菌菌盖、菌柄中总Hg含量,计算同一牛肝菌菌盖与菌柄总Hg含量比(QC/S),分析不同种类、部位牛肝菌中总Hg含量的差异和富集规律。根据中国《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2012)规定的食用菌中Hg限量标准及联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)规定的每周Hg允许摄入量(provisional tolerable weekly intake,PTWI)现行标准,评价云南野生牛肝菌的食用安全性。【结果】同一子实体菌盖与菌柄的比值(QC/S)在0.3~8.8之间,95%牛肝菌样品菌盖、菌柄总Hg含量比(QC/S)≥1,表明多数牛肝菌菌盖对Hg的富集能力强于菌柄。本研究中多数野生牛肝菌菌盖、菌柄总Hg含量超过GB 2762—2012规定的食用菌中Hg含量限量标准(≤0.1 mg/kg);根据PTWI标准,假设成年人(60 kg)每周食用300 g新鲜牛肝菌,则多数样品Hg摄入量低于允许摄入量,无安全风险,而2013年采自玉溪大营街的美味牛肝菌,2012年采自楚雄永仁县的铜色牛肝菌及2014年采自玉溪新平的绒柄牛肝菌等少数样品Hg摄入量高于该标准。【结论】不同产地、种类牛肝菌菌盖、菌柄中总Hg含量存在明显差异,有少数牛肝菌总Hg含量超过相关标准,食用具有一定的潜在风险。 [ Purposes ] This study aimed to determine the total mercury (Hg) in common wild-grown bo- lete mushrooms from Yunnan Province, systematically and analyze the enrichment regularities and accumu- lation characteristics of Hg in different species as well as different parts of boletes from different geograph- ical origins. Furthermore, the food safety of wild-grown bolete mushrooms was also assessed in order to pro- vide the data basis for the development of wild edible mushroom industry and the risk assessment. [ neth- otis] Total Hg in caps and stipes of bolete mushrooms were determined by cold-vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy and direct mercury analyzer. The differences and accumulation characteristics of total Hg in different species and different parts of the bolete mushrooms were analyzed based on the values of Hg cap to stipe concentration quotient (Qc/s) The food safety of the wild-grown bolete mushrooms from Yunnan Province was evaluated according to the national food safety standards in China and limit contaminants in food (GB 2762--2012) and Hg provisionally tolerable weekly intake recommended by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization (FAO/WHO). [ Results ] The results showed that values were arranged from 0. 3 to 8. 8 and the values of 95% samples were greater than or equal to 1, it demonstrated that the accumulation ability of Hg in caps was stronger than that in stipes in most of the bolete mushrooms. The total Hg contents of most of the test bolete samples were higher than the standard GB 2762--2012 (Hg 0. 1 mg/kg) . Compared with the PTWI values in adults (60 kg), the amount of Hg presented in a dose of 300 g (average quantity per week) fresh bolete mush- rooms was lower than the acceptable intake except the Boletus edulis, Boletus aereus and Boletus tomentipes samples which collected from Dayingjie, Yuxi in 2013, Yongren, Chuxiong in 2012 and Xinping, Yuxi in 2014, respectively, It meant that most of the tested samples did not present health risk to a consumer. [ Conclusion] There were significant differences in total Hg contents in different samples and a few sam- ples were higher than the standard with potential risks.
出处 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CSCD 北大核心 2017年第3期523-535,共13页 Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(21667031,31660591) 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2016ZZX106) 波兰国家科学中心项目(UMO-2011/03/N/NZ9/04136)
关键词 牛肝菌 健康风险 重金属 食品安全 bolete mushrooms health risk Hg heavy metal food safety
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