基于ANSYS的数控铣床立柱性能分析及结构优化

Performance Analysis and Structure Optimization of CNC Milling Machine Based on Ansys

为改善机床的力学性能,提高整机加工精度,以XK714数控铣床立柱结构为研究对象,采用ANSYS Workbench建立其有限元模型进行优化分析。其静力学分析表明立柱结构整体可靠但设计过于保守,谐响应分析发现立柱前两阶固有频率偏低。运用局部灵敏度分析获取影响立柱性能的关键尺寸,并将其作为设计变量,以立柱的质量,前两阶固有频率和最大形变量作为指标进行结构优化。最终,立柱的一二阶固有频率分别提升15.487%和13.643%,最大形变降低2.32%,并且立柱减重达到10.31%。结果表明:该设计方法可以为机床零部件的设计提供借鉴。

In order to improve the mechanical property of machine tool and enhance its machining accuracy,the stand column structure of XK714 CNC milling machine was used as research object,and a finite element model was built by ANSYS Workbench to make optimization. The static analysis results showed that the machine structure was reliable but too conservative. On the basis of the harmonic response analysis on the milling machine,it was concluded that the first and second natural frequency was low. Using local sensitivity analysis,the key dimensions which might have an influence on the performance of the stand column were found. Structure optimization was carried out where the key dimensions were used as design variables,the mass,the first and second natural frequency and the maximum strain were designed as goals. Finally,the first and the second natural frequency was improved by 15. 487% and 13. 643% respectively,the maximum strain was reduced by 2. 32%,and the mass of the stand column was reduced by 10. 31%. The results showed that the design method provided a reference for the design of parts and components of milling machine.