安徽三汊河国家湿地公园浮游植物群落多样性

The Community Diversity of Phytoplankton in Sanchahe National Wetland Park of Anhui

通过对安徽三汊河国家湿地公园浮游植物群落特征的研究,为当地生态文明建设提供科学的依据。选取2016年7月、10月和12月共3个水情期(即丰水期、枯水期和平水期)对三汊河国家湿地公园的浮游植物群落结构特征进行调查。共鉴定出浮游植物81种,隶属于7门59属,其中绿藻门种类最多,共21属29种,其次为硅藻门和蓝藻门,分别为13属22种和10属14种,此外,甲藻门5属5种,裸藻门4属4种,黄藻门3属4种,金藻门3属3种。研究区浮游植物总丰度变化范围为6.32×10~5ind·/L^48.7×10~5ind·/L,丰水期浮游植物以蓝藻为优势类群,平水期绿藻最多,枯水期硅藻占优势。通过对浮游植物多样性进行分析,Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数和Pielou指数的变化范围分别为:1.85~2.96、2.29~3.77和0.32~0.51。三汊河国家湿地公园水体总体处于贫营养型至中营养型状态,而水体污染程度处于寡污染至中污染之间。

Based on the study of phytoplankton community characteristics in Sanchahe National Wetland Park, scientific basis for the ecological civilization construction in the area were provided. The phytoplankton abundance and community structure in Sanchahe National Wetland Park were investigated and analyzed in July, October and December （e. g. high -water period, normal -water period and low -water period） ,2016.81 species of phytoplankton were identified ,belonging to 59 genera of 7 phyla. Of those ,29 species of 21 genera were Chlorophyta,22 species of 13 genera were Bacillariophyta,14 species of 10 genera were Cyanophyta,6 species of 5 genera were Pyrrophyta,4 species of 4 genera were Euglenophyta,4 species of 3 genera were Xanthophyta and 3 species of 3 genera were Pyrrophyta. The phytoplankton abundance ranged from 6. 32 × 10^5 -48.7× 10^5 ind/L, and Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta was the dominant phylum in high - water period, normal - water period and low - water period. The analysis showed that the biodiversity index, the Shannon - Wiener diversity index, Margalef abundance index and Pielou evenness index of phytoplankton were 1.85 - 2. 96,2.29 -3.77 and 0. 32 - 0. 51, respectively. The water quality of Sanchahe National Wetland Park is in nutrition - poor type to moderate type status, and the water pollution degree between few pollution to moderate pollution.