行组合型人工肾治疗的尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒原因及护理对策

The cause of skin pruritus in uremic patients treated with combination artificial kidney and nursing countermeasures

目的分析组合型人工肾治疗的尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒原因,评价护理干预的效果。方法以医院收治的组合型人工肾治疗尿毒症患者94例作为研究对象,据入院顺序随机分为对照组和观察组各47例,对照组常规护理,观察组在此基础上,进行综合护理干预,主要包括强化生活管理、加强饮食管理、耳穴按压、心理支持、医疗支持等。结果观察组缓解及显效率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组与对照组改良Duo评分均呈下降趋势,第4、8周观察组评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论组合型人工肾治疗的尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒除与尿毒症有关外,还与生活管理、外界环境有关,加强护理干预,可提高瘙痒的控制效果,减轻瘙痒严重程度。

Objective To analyze the causes of skin pruritus in uremic patients treated with combination artificial kidney and to evaluate the effect of nursing intervention.Methods A total of 94uremic patients with combined artificial kidney in the hospital were as the research objects, and were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the order of admission, with 47 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and comprehensive nursing intervention, including strengthening life management, strengthened management, diet, acupressure psychological support, medical support etc.were given to the observation group.Results The remission rate and response rate in the observation group were higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）.The Duo score in two groups was decreased, and observation group were decreased more than the control group at fourth, eighth week, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Uremic pruritus treated with combined artificial kidney is associated with uremia, and life management, external environment, strengthened nursing intervention can improve effect of pruritus, and relieve itching severity.