韩国国内对“萨德”入韩的认知与立场

Domestic Cognition and Position on THAAD Deployment in South Korea

美国反导系统"萨德"入韩,不仅增加了韩国政局走向的不确定性,更损害到半岛局势及东北亚地区的安全与稳定。基于政治过程的研究视角,本文梳理了韩国政府、政党及社会对"萨德"入韩问题的认知与立场。前朴槿惠政府基于国家安全的综合考量,态度由"战略模糊"转为"战略清晰";韩朝野各政党却始终意见不一,社会舆论更是严重分裂;新上台的文在寅政府正在暂缓对"萨德"问题预置立场。此种多元对立的认知与立场,不仅是韩国国内各方权益博弈的外在表现,也反映出"萨德"入韩问题的演变脉络与复杂影响,并成为研判"萨德"入韩问题走势的前提基础。这从一个侧面折射出"萨德"入韩必将破坏地区战略平衡的消极影响。

The deployment of the THAAD anti-missile system by the US in South Korea has not only increased the uncertainty of political developments within the ROK, but also harmed the situation in the Korean Peninsula as well as the security and stability of Southeast Asia. Based on the studies ofthe political process, this paper has sorted out various cognitions and positions on THAAD deployment within the South Korean government, among political parties and in the society. Hereinto, the attitude of the South Korean government has changed from 'strategic ambiguity' to 'strategic clarity' based upon comprehensive considerations of the South Korean national security, while the ruling and opposition parties have never reached consensus on the issue, and the public opinion has been seriously divided, reflecting from certain angle the negative impact of THAAD deployment in the ROK that would damage the regional strategic balance. This multiple opposition in cognition and position is not only the manifestation of the interest gaming among various forces within South Korea, but also the reflection of the evolution context of the THAAD deployment issue and its complex influence, which may be taken as the premise or the basis for determining the development of THAAD deployment in the ROK.