赴利比里亚抗击埃博拉军人心理应激调查

Longitudinal Investigation on Psychological Stress Characteristics of Soldiers Fighting Against Ebola in Liberia

目的追踪研究中国人民解放军赴利比里亚抗击埃博拉军人心理应激特点和变化规律。方法将整个赴利比里亚抗击埃博拉医疗任务划分为5个阶段,采用军人心理应激自评问卷(PSET),对医疗队中150名军人进行动态追踪调查,比较不同任务阶段军人心理应激的动态变化以及每个阶段的性别、年龄、人员类别、人员层次、文化程度差异。结果 (1)心理应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),集结期最高,海外任务早期最低。(2)女性应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),集结期最高,医学观察期最低;男性应激得分未发现各阶段统计学差异。除医学观察期外,女性应激得分显著高于男性(P<0.05)。(3)"≥41岁"组应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),集结期最高,海外任务早期最低。除海外任务早期外,"31~40岁"组和"≥41岁"组应激得分显著高于"≤30岁"组(P<0.05)。(4)护士应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),集结期最高,医学观察期最低。护士集结期、国内集训期应激得分显著高于医师和行政后勤人员(P<0.05)。(5)军官应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),集结期最高,海外任务早期最低。军官集结期、国内集训期和医学观察期的应激得分显著高于战士(P<0.05)。(6)研究生和本科生应激得分呈显著的阶段差异(P<0.05),在集结期最高。本科生应激得分在集结期、国内集训期和海外任务后期显著高于研究生和专科生(P<0.05)。结论赴利比里亚抗击埃博拉军人心理应激呈明显阶段差异和人群差异。

Objective To investigate the psychological stress characteristics and the regulation of the soldiers sent to Liberia against Ebola. Methods The soldiers were divided into doctors,nurses and logistic staff. The dynamic change of the psychological stress of the total 150 PLA soldiers and differences of the gender,age,category,military rank and education level were compared by the psychological stress self evalution test scale during the whole 5 five stages of the mission. Results There were significant differences in stages on psychological stress scores（ P 〈0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores,and the earlier overseas task period had the lowest scores. There were significant differences in stress scores of different stages in females（ P 〈0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores,and the medical observation period had the lowest scores,while no statistical difference in stress scores of males was found in each stage. Except medical observation period,the stress scores in females were significantly higher than those of males（ P 〈0. 05）. There were significant differences in stages on stress scores in the group aged over 41（ P〈 0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores and the earlier overseas task period had the lowest scores. Except the earlier overseas task period,stress scores in the group aged 31-40 and the group aged over 41 were significantly higher than those of the group aged below 30（ P 〈0. 05）. There were significant differences in stages on stress scores in nurses（ P〈 0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores,and the medical observation period had the lowest scores. Stress scores of nurses in the gathering period and the domestic training period were significantly higher than those of doctors,and administrative or logistic staff（ P〈 0. 05）. There were significant differences in stages on stress scores in military officers（ P〈 0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores and the earlier overseas task period had the lowest scores. Stress scores of military officers in gathering period,domestic training period and medical observation period were significantly higher than those of soldiers（ P 〈0. 05）. There were significant differences in stages on stress scores in postgraduate or undergraduate students（ P 〈0. 05）,wherein the gathering period had the highest scores. Stress scores of undergraduate students in gathering period,domestic training period and overseas task period were significantly higher than those of postgraduates or junior college students（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The psychological stress of the PLA sent to Liberia against Ebola varies according to the mission stage and the population.