基于显式有限元分析的X80钢压力容器爆破压力研究

Research on bursting pressure of X80 steel pressure vessel based on explicit finite element analysis

针对传统经验公式用于圆筒形压力容器爆破压力计算时误差较大,且不同拉伸试样的力学性能差异对计算结果存在影响的问题,采用显式非线性有限元法,模拟了不同力学性能参数下圆筒形压力容器的爆破压力,并与实验爆破压力进行了对比分析.在此基础上给出了圆筒形压力容器爆破压力计算的修正经验公式,并利用不同型号压力容器的实测数据对其进行了验证.验证结果表明:用于某型号X80钢制圆筒形压力容器爆破压力计算时,该修正经验公式采用棒状标准试样的抗拉强度最大误差均不超过5%;对其它不同钢材和型号的压力容器爆破压力计算时,该修正经验公式最大误差不超过10%,并且误差偏于保守,这说明该公式同时满足精度和安全性的要求,可进行工程推广.

The calculation error of bursting pressure of cylindrical vessel is large when using traditional empirical formula, and the bursting pressure calculationis are affected by the different mechanical parameters of tensile specimen with different preparation methods. The explicit nonlinear finite element method was adopted to simulate the cylindrical pressure vessels bursting pressures under different mechanical properties parameters, then a comparison between calculated bursting pressure and tested blasting pressure was performed and analyzed. Based on the comparison, a modified empirical formula was constructed for the calculation of the cylindrical vessel bursting pressure. Moreover, the modified empirical formula were validated by experimental data of different pressure vessel. The validation results indicate that as the modified experiential formula is used to calculate burst pressure of a certain type of X80 steel cylinder pressure vessel, the maximum error of the modified empirical formula using rod-like standard specimen tensile strength is less than 5%. When it is used to calculate burst pressure of the pressure vessels with different steels and types, the maximum error of the modified empirical formula is less than 10% and the errors are conservative, which indicates that the formula can meet the requirement of accuracy and safety, and is feasible for the engineering apphcation.