「タラ」条件句对时间和逻辑关系的表达及其影响机制——从「タラ」和“了……就……”“如果……就……”句式的对比研究出发

Function Conversion and its Mechanism for the tara Japanese Conditional——Based on a Comparative Study of tara and “le/jiu” “ruguo/jiu” Conditionals

「タラ」是日语条件句的重要表达形式之一,一直以来,日本语言学界都极为关注对其主要意义和用法的研究。但是,对于「タラ」在表达条件关系时是否存在多义的现象以及引起该现象的潜在原因和机制是什么,却少有学者谈及。本文引用益冈隆志(1993)对「タラ」条件句用法分化现象的分析,在此基础上,通过「タラ」和与其相对应的汉语主要句式"了……就……"和"如果……就……"的对比研究,明确指出「タラ」在表达条件关系时存在有时强调时间关系有时强调逻辑关系的特点,同时提出引起这种现象的原因机制。

Tara is one of the most important sentence patterns among Japanese conditionals. For a long time, Japanese researchers have been focused on the study of tara＇s main significance and function. However, some scholars have noticed that under certain conditions, the tara conditional can change its significance and function. This paper aims to explore the function conversion and the mechanism of the tara conditional. We will use the Japanese-Chinese comparative method to show when and how the tara conditional undergoes function conversion between time and logical relations.