节能型日光温室智能加温控制系统设计

Design of Intelligent Heating Control System of Energy-Saving Solar Greenhouse

在北方冬季节能型日光温室生产中常出现极端低温天气,气温低于作物致死温度,导致温室作物大幅减产甚至绝收。为精准调控温室温度,降低低温带来的损失,本研究设计了一套日光温室智能加温控制系统,其硬件设备由感知模块、主控模块、通讯模块、伺服模块、执行设备组成。系统实现了日光温室温度环境的智能控制,可自动采集温室内气温数据,并根据主控模块内设置的加温控制阈值实现温度执行设备的自动开关,同时可通过Android远程客户端进行数据查看及执行设备状态控制。系统应用与验证结果表明:二代砖墙日光温室最低温度维持6~8℃,则系统日开启时间需4.9h,日资金投入146元;维持10~12℃,则系统日开启时间6.1h,日资金投入194元。应用过程中系统性能稳定,实现了温度环境的精细化、无人值守智能调控,夜间加温效果良好。

Extremely low temperature often occurs in energy-saving solar greenhouse in the winter of North China, which will lead to sharp decrease of greenhouse crop production or crop failures when the temperature is below lethal temperatures of corps. In order to control the greenhouse temperature accurately and reduce the loss caused by the low temperature, an intelligent heating control system has been designed, which is composed of sensing module, main control module, communication module, servo module and executive devices. The system can automatically collect temperature data, realize the automatic switch of temperature executive devices corresponding to heating control model in the main control module. In addition, the system can view data and perform device state control by remote client. Therefore, the system has initially realized the intelligent control of the greenhouse temperature environment. Application and verification of the system in second-generation brick wall solar greenhouse showed that, it needs running 4.9 hours to keep air temperature above 6-8℃ with the cost of 146Y. Accordingly, it needs running 6.1 hours to keep air temperature above 10-12℃ and costing 194￥. This study suggests the performance of system is very stable during application. The system realizes fine and unmanned intelligent control of temperature environment to ensure better heating at night time.