红细胞生成素对大鼠视网膜光损伤的保护作用

The protective effect of erythropoietin on the experimental light-induced retinal degeneration of rat

目的探讨外源性红细胞生成素（EPO）对大鼠视网膜光损伤后结构和功能的保护作用。方法sD大鼠36只制作光损伤模型，并随机分为实验组（腹腔注射EPO）和对照组（腹腔注射等量生理盐水）。观察EPO和红细胞生成素受体（EPOR）蛋白表达；观察光照前后两组大鼠视网膜结构和厚度以及视网膜电图情况。结果免疫组化显示大鼠视网膜各层均表达EPO和EPOR；灰度值测量发现，在光照后，大鼠视网膜的EPO和EPOR表达增加，于光损伤后24h达到高峰；在6h、24h及72h分别检测到EPO表达均高于光照前，差异有统计学意义（P=0．002，P=0．000，P=0．000）。EPOR表达均高于光照前，差异有统计学意义（P=0．001，P=0．000，P=0．000）。光照后7d，两组大鼠的外层视网膜厚度较光照前显著减少，差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）；实验组大鼠与对照组比较，外层视网膜厚度明显增加，差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）。两组大鼠在光照后1d，1周和2周视网膜电图的a波、b波波幅与光照前比较均有明显下降，差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）。实验组在光照后1d，1周和2周视网膜电图的a波、b波波幅均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P=0．013—0．039）。结论大鼠视网膜光损伤后内源性EPO及其受体EPOR均表达增加，但不足以对视网膜产生足够的保护作用；系统性给予外源性EPO能对光损伤视网膜的结构和功能有一定的保护作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of erythropoietin （EPO） on the structure and function of light-induced damage in rat retina. Methods The animal model of light-induced retinal degeneration was made. Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group, peritoneal injection with EPO and control group, peritoneal injection with the same amount of normal saline. The EPO and EPOR expression were observed in two groups. The structure and thickness of the retina and ERG before and after light explosure were observed. Results The gray value of EPO and EPOR expression in any layer of the retina reached peak value at 24 hours after light explosure. EPO and EPOR expression at 6, 24 and 72 hours were higher than that of before light explosure. The difference were statistically significant（P = 0. 002, 0. 000,0. 000 ; P = 0. 001,0. 000,0. 000 ）. Seven days after light explosure, the outer retina thickness of two groups markedly reduced （ P = 0. 000）, but the reduction of outer retina thickness in experimental group was less than that in control group （ P = 0. 000）. The amplitude of a-wave and b-wave in two groups decreased remarkably at 1 day, 1 week and 2 weeks after light explosure, but the amplitude of a-wave and b-wave in experimental group was higher than those in control group （ P = 0. 013 - 0. 039）. Conclusion Endogenous EPO and EPOR express increasingly after light damage. Systemic exogenous EPO plays a protective role in light-induced damage in retina.