高等医学院校学生学习适应性的测量与影响因素分析

Measurement of medical student learning adaptability and analysis of the influencing factors

目的测量医学院校学生学习适应性现状及其影响因素，修订符合医学生特有语境的学习适应性量表。方法采用分层抽样的方法，抽取哈尔滨医科大学1180名医学生进行问卷调查。应用SPSS22．0进行数据分析，采用内部一致性信度检验。验证修订完毕的医学生学习适应性量表的信度；利用主成分分析法的探索性因子分析提取出5个公因子；应用Logistic回归分析医学生学习适应性的影响因素。结果修订完毕的医学生学习适应性量表（Cronbach’s Alpha=0．914）包含27个测量条目。量表包含自主学习、信息利用、环境抉择、压力应对和目标倾向五个维度。医学生学习适应性处于中等水平（3．28±0．52）；影响因素包括：职务（OR=1．496，95％CI=1．114～2．009）、成绩水平（OR=1．638，95％CI=1．386～1．936）、学习现状满意度（OR=2．160，95％CI=1．745～2．673）、专业满意度（OR=1．369，95％CI=1．092～1．718）、专业兴趣度（OR=1．426，95％CI=1．186—1．715）和就业前景（OR=I．526，95％CI=1．251～1．862）。结论医学生学习适应性量表信效度良好，医学生学习适应性受诸多因素影响。

Objective To measure the present situation of medical students＇ learning adaptability and find the influencing factors in order to revise Learning Adaptability Scale for medical students. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to collect 1 180 medical students from Harbin Medical University. Using the internal consistency reliability test, the reliability of the revised student learning adaptability scale was verified. Five common factors were extracted by the exploratory factor analysis of the principal analysis method, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of medical student learning adaptability. Results The revised Student Learning Adaptability Scale （Cronbach＇s Alpha=0.914） consists of 27 measurement items. It includes five dimensions, namely self-directed learning, information utilization, environment choice, stresses response and goal orientation. The results showed that the adapt- ability of medical students was moderate （3.28 ± 0.52）, and the influencing factors included job position （OR =1.496, 95% CI=I. 114-2.009）, academic achievement （OR =1.638, 95% CI=1.386-1.936）, satisfaction with learning （0R=2.160, 95%CI=1.745-2.673）, professional satisfaction （OR=1.369, 95%CI=1.092-1.718）, professional interest （0R=1.426, 95%CI=1.186-1.715） and employment prospects （0R=1.526, 95%CI= 1.251-1.862）. Conclusion The reliability and validity of the Student Learning Adaptability Scale is appropriate. Medical students＇ learning adaptability is influenced by many factors.