我院358例血小板减少住院患者的临床特征分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of hospitalized thrombocytopenia patients in our hospital

目的探讨清华大学附属北京市垂杨柳医院(以下简称"我院")住院患者血小板减少的科室分布及病因。方法从我院信息管理系统(HIS)中调取2015年8月~2016年7月住院的358例血小板减少成人患者的临床资料,对血小板减少程度、科室分布情况及病因进行回顾性分析。结果 358例患者中血小板计数≤20×109/L占5.86%;血小板计数>20×109~50×109/L的患者占16.76%;血小板计数>50×109~100×109/L的患者占77.38%。该358例患者主要分布在呼吸内科、普通外科、ICU、妇产科、神经内科、心内科、血液科等科室。43例患者明确诊断血液系统疾病引起血小板减少,315例患者因非血液系统疾病引起血小板减少,其中感染及药物影响为主要原因。结论我院2015~2016年度住院患者血小板减少的病因主要为非血液系统疾病引起,需重视药物及感染等对血小板的影响,但大多这类患者血小板减少程度较轻,通过积极控制原发原因可使血小板恢复。

Objective To investigate the department distribution and the causes of hospitalized patients with thrombocytopenia in Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University（＂our hospital＂ for short）.Methods 358 hospitalized patients with thrombocytopenia were retrospectively analysed in our hospital from August 2015 to July 2016 through the hospital information management system（HIS）, the degree of thrombocytopenia, department distribution and pathogeny were monitored.Results The patients of platelet count ≤20 ×109/L accounted for 5.86%, the patients of platelet count 〉20×109~50×109/L accounted for 16.76%, the patients of platelet count 〉50 ×109~100×109/L accounted for 77.38%.The 358 patients were mainly distributed in Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Department of ICU, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Neurology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Haematology and other departments.43 patients of thrombocytopenia were diagnosed with hematological system disorders, and 315 patients were diagnosed with thrombocytopenia because of other reasons, such as infection and drugs.Conclusion The main cause of thrombocytopenia patients from our hospital between 2015 and 2016 are the non-hematological system disorders.We need to attach importance to the effects of infection and drugs on thrombocyte.However those patients suffer to a lesser degree, and can be recovered by positive control of the primary reasons.