脑电图、脑脊液和头颅MRI在儿童病毒性脑炎早期阶段检测分析

Analysis of the detection of electroencephalogram, cerebrospinal fluid and head MRI in early stage of children viral encephalitis

目的调查脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)、脑脊液(cerebrospinal fluid,CSF)和头颅MRI在儿童型病毒性脑炎早期阶段的异常情况,为早期诊断提供参考。方法选择2014年1月~2016年12月在本地市、县两级医院住院的儿童病毒性脑炎170例,对入院后3 d内进行的EEG、CSF、头颅MRI检查结果进行统计分析。结果共168例开展EEG检查,异常率为83.93%(141/168);共170例开展CSF检查,异常率为51.76%(88/170);共168例开展头颅MRI检查,异常率为30.36%(51/168),三个指标间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。共99例同时进行EEG、CSF检查,异常率分别为60.61%(60/85)、22.22%(22/99);共85例同时进行EEG、头颅MRI检查,异常率分别为70.59%(60/85)、51.76%(44/85);共88例同时进行CSF、头颅MRI检查,异常率分别为52.27%(46/88)、29.55%(26/88);共83例同时开展了EEG、CSF、头颅MRI检查,异常率分别为81.93%(68/83)、66.27%(55/83)、48.19%(40/83),不同组合的异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 EEG检查在病毒性脑炎的早期阶段敏感性更高。

Objective To investigate the abnormal situations of electroencephalogram（EEG）, cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）and head MRI in the early stage of children viral encephalitis, and to provide reference for early diagnosis. Methods A total of 170 cases of children viral encephalitis in the local city and county hospitals from January 2014 to December 2016 were collected. The results of EEG examination, CSF examination and head MRI examination performed within three days after admission were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 168 patients underwent EEG examination with an abnormal rate of 83.93%（141/168）. A total of 170 patients underwent CSF examination with an abnormal rate of51.76%（88/170）. And 168 patients underwent brain MRI examination with an abnormal rate of 30.36%（51/168）, the difference between the three indicators was significant（P〈0.05）. A total of 99 cases took EEG and CSF simultaneously.The abnormal rate was 60.61%（60/99） and 22.22%（22/99） respectively. 85 patients underwent EEG and head MRI simultaneously. And the abnormal rate was 70.59%（60/85） and 51.76%（44/85）, respectively. 88 patients underwent CSF and head MRI simultaneously, and the abnormal rates were 52.27%（46/88） and 29.55%（26/88）, respectively. A total of83 patients underwent EEG, CSF and MRI at the same time,with the abnormal rates of 81.93%（68/83）, 66.27%（55/83）and 48.19%（40/83） respectively. There were significant differences in the abnormal rates of different combinations（P〈0.05）.Conclusion EEG examination is more sensitive in the early stages of viral encephalitis.