中年癌症化疗患者自我感受负担状况及相关影响因素

Influence factors of self-perceived burden in middle-age cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

目的 分析中年癌症化疗患者自我感受负担（SPB）的状况及相关影响因素。方法 选取2014年2—3月在中国医学科学院北京协和医院肿瘤内科一病房住院化疗的中年癌症患者95例进行问卷调查，包括社会人口学等一般资料及SPB量表评价，观察SPB得分，相关性分析采用多元线性回归。结果 本次研究中年癌症化疗患者SPB总分为（30.3±7.8）分，处于中等水平。不同性别、疾病诊断、住院次数、化疗次数、照顾者性别、照顾者工作状况及照顾时间的患者SPB得分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示女性患者、肝癌患者、照顾者照顾时间长和照顾者为在职为患者SPB的影响因素（R2=0.850，P〈0.01）。结论 中年癌症化疗患者存在明显的SPB，影响因素相对明确，护理人员应了解患者及照顾者的心理状态和需求，提供必要的心理及社会支持，以减轻患者的SPB水平。

Objective To analyze influence factors of self-perceived burden（SPB）in middle-age cancer patients with chemotherapy. Methods From February to March 2014, 95 cases of middle-aged cancer patients who had chemotherapy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were investigated; social demographic data and the score of SPB scale were analyzed. Results The mean SPB score in 95 patients was （30.3±7.8）scores. There were significant differences of SPB scores among patients with different gender, cancer types, hospitalization times, chemotherapy times, gender of caregiver, working condition of caregiver and care duration（P〈0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that female patients, liver cancer, long-time care and in-job caregivers were influence factors of SPB（R2=0.850, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Middle-aged cancer patients have significant SPB during chemotherapy. The influencing factors are relatively clear.