旅游可持续发展评价研究评述

Review on Evaluation of Sustainable Tourism Development

随着旅游业的快速发展,旅游活动对旅游目的地的社会文化与生态环境造成一定程度的消极影响,使得旅游可持续发展受到严重制约.旅游可持续发展评价是分析其制约因素的有效途径,是旅游可持续发展研究的重要组成部分.本文通过对旅游可持续发展评价的相关文献进行系统性梳理,概括了国际上的几种评价指标框架与指标设置方法,并对旅游生态足迹法、旅游可持续晴雨表法以及综合评价法等主要的评价方法进行了介绍.研究认为,在现存的评价指标体系中维度的选择并不统一,并缺少对文化资源进行评价的指标研究;而各类评价方法均存在一定的优缺点,方法的综合运用将会成为新的研究方向;此外,旅游可持续等级评判标准的科学制定应得到一定的关注.

With the rapid development of tourism, tourism activities have a negative impact on the socio-cultural and ecological in tourism destination, making sustainable tourism development （STD） has been severely constrained. Evaluation of STD is an effective way to analyze the impact factors, and is an important part in the research of STD. In this paper we will make a review on the indicator system and evaluation method. The results show that： First, there are no recognized indicator dimensions set, and lack of the research about culture indicators. Second, the integrated use of methods will become a new research direction, for that every assessment method has both advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the paper points that we should pay more attention on the standard setting in sustainable tourism grading criteria.