中国商业银行产能利用率及影响因素

The Measurement and Influence of Capacity Utilization of Chinese Commercial Banking Industry

运用DEA的方法测算2011~2015年16家中国上市银行产能利用率发现,五大国有银行和城市商业银行产能利用率较高,而股份制银行产能利用率相对较低,存在一定程度的产能过剩。运用Tobit模型实证分析商业银行产能利用率的影响因素发现,金融脱媒、互联网金融是中国商业银行产能过剩的原因,但不显著;成本收入比是产能过剩的主要原因,净息差、杠杆率与产能利用率显著正相关,行业集中度则与产能利用率存在U型关系。因此提升中国商业银行产能利用率,需要鼓励银行创新,加快银行网点转型,推进商业银行与互联网金融企业的合作,促进商业银行的并购重组。

Based on the data of 16 listed banks from 2011 to 2015 ,this article has measured the capacity utilization of Chinese commercial banking industry with the help of DEA. The result shows that the capacity utilization of five big state -owned banks and city commercial banks in China is relatively high while the capacity utilization of joint-stock banks is relatively low with a certain degree of excess capacity. The further empirical analysis with TOBIT model in the contrib- utory factors finds that the financial disintermediation and the internet finance contribute to the excess capacity of commercial banking industry, but the impact is not apparent. CIR is the main contributor to excess capacity. There is significant positive correlation between net profit margin, leverage and capacity utilization, and there is U-shaped ration of industry and the capacity utilization. Therefore, it banking relationship between the concentration is high time to encourage innovation in industry and promote internet financing. The decrease of concentration ration of industry is also conducive to rising the capacity utilization.