三种窄间隙焊接技术的特性比较与应用选择

Characteristic comparison and application selection of three narrow gap welding technologies

窄间隙技术是弧焊技术中向更高生产率、更高质量、更低焊接生产成本大幅度进步的最有效技术。针对现有窄间隙技术应用中存在的认识误区,分别列出窄间隙埋弧焊、窄间隙热丝脉冲钨极氩弧焊、窄间隙气体保护焊3种成熟技术的各自技术优势以及技术局限性。在此基础上提出生产应用选择的指导原则:同时要求具有高的焊接生产率、高的接头质量、低的焊接成本时,优先选用窄间隙气体保护焊技术;仅仅只考虑接头质量和力学性能,不考虑焊接生产率和成本时可选用窄间隙热丝脉冲钨极氩弧焊技术;平焊位置作业,只考虑过程的稳定性和焊接质量,不考虑工艺技术的简便性、接头的残余应力大小和焊接成本时,可选择窄间隙埋弧焊。

Narrow gap welding has higher productivity,better performance and lower cost. For some misunderstandings in practical applications of narrow gap welding, the advantages and limits of three different commonly used welding technologies are analyzed such as NG-SAW,NG-Hot wire pulsed TIG welding and NG-MAG welding. For practical applications,NG-MAG welding is proposed for higher productivity,higher quality of welded joints and lower cost. NG-Hot wire pulsed TIG welding could he used when weld＇s mechanical performance is prior than productivity and cost, and NG-SAW could be adopted for downhand welding when stability of welding process and welding quality are prior.