道路交通肇事刑事证据收集机制研究——以证据裁判原则为视角

推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革，要求全面落实证据裁判原则。证据裁判原则强调将证据作为事实认定的基础，强调将事实认定和证据采信限定在审判阶段，意味着实践中应当注重证据收集的合法性、客观性、全面性、及时性。当前交通肇事刑事证据收集工作仍存在非法取证、主观取证、片面取证、延迟取证等问题，难以适应以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的需要及证据裁判原则的要求。应建立与完善瑕疵证据处理机制、非法证据预防机制、客观收集证据机制、事实要素调查机制、遗漏证据补全机制、时序清单调查机制、证据规格指引机制，从制度上规范证据收集工作。

To push the reformation of the litigation system focusing on trial, the principles of evidence judgement is required, such principle emphasizes that the evidence shall be the foundation in the facts affirmation, and that facts affirmation and evidence convincing shall be settled within the trial stage, which means the legality, objectivity, completion, timeliness in the evidence collection shall be emphasized, whereas, in actual practice, obtaining evidence in an unlawful, subjective, segmentary and delaying way still exist in current traffic offence criminal cases, which is incompatible to the demand of focus-on-trial litigation system reform and the requirement of principles of evidence judgement, we should establish and improve mechanisms for the defective evidences handling, unlawful evidences prevention, objective evidence collection, key facts investigation, the supplement of the omitted evidences, the timing of the evidence list investigation and the evidence grading guidance so as to standardize evidence collection work institutionally.