重大建设项目工程移民的社会适应研究——基于性别差异视角

Research on the Social Adaptation of Project-induced Migration of Mega Construction Projects:A Gender Difference Perspective

工程移民的社会适应问题是中国城市化进程和重大建设工程的重要议题。以三峡工程秭归县城镇移民231份调查数据为基础,构建文化、心理、身份和经济四位一体影响因素体系,通过统计分析探究性别差异视角下工程移民社会适应的形成机理。研究结果表明:男性和女性工程移民在迁后社会适应程度相当,但两者社会适应的形成机理不尽相同,存在较明显的性别差异特征;工程移民群体的社会适应影响因素较多,居住条件、排挤歧视和借贷环境是最受关注的因素;男性工程移民社会适应主要受到经济收入和就业等因素影响,而女性工程移民则更关注迁后家庭发展。

The social adaptation of project-induced migration is an important issue on the results ofmega construction projects, as well as the process of urbanization. Basing on the survey data of 231 samples of urban migration in Zigui county of the Three Gorges Project, this paper establishes an integrated system which includes cultural, psychological, identity, and economic factors. Based on the system, this paper explores the formation mechanism of the migration＇s social adaptation under the gender perspectives through statistical analysis further. Results show that the social adaptation is nearly equal between male and female migrants, while there are obvious gender differences due to its diverse formation mechanism; Among the various factors, living conditions, discrimination and exclusion, and lending environment are most noticeable; Males are mainly influenced by economic factors such as income and employment, while females are more concemed about the development of the family.