《时病论》药引应用探析

Analysis about the guiding medicine in Treatise on Seasonal Diseases

药引是在中药方剂中能够提高方剂疗效、引导药物直达病所的药物,它是在君臣佐使的配伍原则和中药归经理论的指导下产生和运用,为历代医家所重视,亦常见于明清和温病医家的著作中。《时病论》是清代名医雷丰所撰医书,其按四时六气为时病分类编写,以法立方,形式简洁,井然有序,乃是首部探讨时病治疗的医学著作。在《时病论》中约有四分之三的方使用了药引,运用规范而灵活,产生了引药、引邪、增效、护胃等功效,是雷氏时病理论中不可缺少的部分,别具特色,对现代中医临床具有一定的指导价值。

Guiding medicine is the medicine in decoction which can increase curative effect and guide the medicine directly to lesions. They are used under the principle and attributive channel theory of the guidance of monarch, minister, assistant and guide. Doctors from different dynasties drew attention to guiding medicine and these medicine are widely used in the medical works of Ming and Qing dynasty.Treatise on Seasonal Diseases was written by LEI Feng, who was a famous doctor in Qing dynasty. The book classified diseases by four seasons and six exopathogens and prescribed according to the methods. The classification method of diseases in the book is concise and ordered and this book is the first book discussing the treatment of seasonal diseases in China. There were about three-quarter prescriptions in the book using the guiding medicine. LEI Feng used the guiding medicine standardly and flexibly and these medicine having various effects, such as drug-guiding, efficacy increasing and stomach protecting. Guiding medicine theory is significant part of LEI Feng medical thoughts which is still very valuable to our nowadays TCM clinical medicine.