大通县日光温室土壤温度的变化

Soil Temperature Variation in Solar Greenhouse of Datong County

利用2012~2013年大通县塔尔镇日光温室内外气象观测资料和县气象局人工观测资料,分析了该县晴、多云、阴等不同天气类型下日光温室内不同深度土壤温度变化规律。结果表明,在日光温室内,土壤温度日变化呈正弦曲线,变化幅度晴天>多云天>阴天,表层土壤温度变幅最大,20cm最小;月平均变化呈波峰波谷型,最大值出现在7月,最小值在12月,随着深度增加,平均年较差逐渐减小;晴天、多云、阴天不同深度土壤温度平均日较差分别为9.6、8.3、6.1℃;日垂直变化仅在14时随着深度增加逐渐下降;除晴天室内最高温度外,其余温度要素与土壤温度之间存在极显著正相关关系;建立的日光温室内10cm最低温度预报方程和地表最低温度预报模型,可以在专业气象服务中应用。

This paper analyzed the variation law of soil temperature at different depths and under different weather,including sunny,cloudy and overcast sky by utilizing meteorological observation data of inside and outside the solar greenhouse in Datong County and artificial observation data from Datong Meteorological Bureau. The results indicated that the daily variation of soil temperature was sinusoidal and its variability under sunny sky was greatest,cloudy sky was greater than overcast sky. The variability of surface soil temperature was maximum,and variability at 20 cm was minimum. The results also showed that the average monthly variation of soil temperature was wave through type,the maximum soil temperature appeared in July and the minimum appeared in December. The average annual range of soil temperature decreased gradually with the increase of the depth. The average daily range of soil temperature was 9. 6,8. 3 and 6. 1degree celsius under sunny,cloudy and overcast sky. The vertical variation of day soil temperature decreased gradually with the increase of depth at 14 o＇clock. Except the indoor maximum soil temperature of sunny sky,there was a significant positive correlation between soil temperature and other temperature factors. The established minimum temperature forecasting equation of solar greenhouse at 10 cm and surface minimum temperature forecasting model could be applied in professional meteorological service.