4种甲醛对Sabin株脊髓灰质炎病毒灭活动力学的比较

Effects of four different formaldehydes on Sabin strain of poliovirus:a comparative study on inactivation kinetics

目的观察4种甲醛对脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型Sabin株的灭活效果。方法用4种甲醛(终浓度为92.5μg/mL)对3批脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型Sabin株进行灭活,微量滴定法测定病毒感染性滴度进行病毒灭活验证实验,绘制灭活动力曲线;酶联免疫吸附测定法检测灭活病毒液D抗原含量。结果 4种甲醛对3批脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型Sabin株灭活后,病毒感染性滴度均成下降趋势。在37°C灭活1 d滴度直线下降1 000 CCID50/mL以上,灭活到第4天均检测不到病毒;灭活后的病毒液D抗原含量回收率均大于80%,且4种甲醛对3批脊髓灰质炎病毒灭活后抗原影响无差异(P>0.05)。结论 4种甲醛对脊髓灰质炎病毒Sabin株样品灭活彻底,对脊髓灰质炎病毒Sabin株的D抗原破坏小,能较好地保持疫苗的有效成分,为甲醛质量控制及供应商筛选提供依据。

Objective To observe the inactivation effect of four different formaldehydes on poliovirusⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ types of Sabin strain.Methods Samples from three batches of poliovirus Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ types of Sabin strains were inactivated with four different formaldehydes（the final concentration was 92.5 μg/mL） and determined for an infectious titer of the virus by microtitration and for D antigen contents by ELISA,with the inactivation curve having drawn out.Results After three batches of poliovirusⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ types of Sabin strain were inactivated with four different formaldehydes,infectious titers of virus were decreased linearly more than 1 000 CCID_（50）/mL when the virus was inactivated at 37°C for 1 day,and no virus was detected for fourth days.The recovery rate of D antigen content of the inactivated virus exceeded 80%,presenting no significant difference between the four different formaldehydes（P0.05）.Conclusion The poliovirus Sabin strain samples were inactivated with four different formaldehyde completely,showing less damage to D antigen of poliovirus Sabin strain and providing a good protection for active constituents of vaccine.This can provide a basis for a formaldehyde of quality control and supplier selection.