白酒糟对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵及血浆生化指标的影响

Effects of White Distiller's Grains on Rumen Fermentation and Plasma Biochemical Indexes of Qianbeima Goats

本试验旨在研究白酒糟(产自贵州美酒河流域)对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵及血浆生化指标的影响。以6只年龄、体重基本一致的黔北麻羊为试验动物,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,将其分成3组,每组2个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组和试验2组以白酒糟分别替代基础饲粮中20%、40%的精料。试验期45 d,分3期,每期15 d,包括10 d预试期和5 d正试期。正试期采集血浆和瘤胃液样品,测定瘤胃液pH、缓冲力、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸浓度,瘤胃液微晶纤维素酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、纤维二糖酶、木聚糖酶活性以及血浆葡萄糖、尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇、肌酐含量。结果显示:1)3组黔北麻羊瘤胃液pH、缓冲力差异不显著(P>0.05);氨态氮浓度均处于正常范围,试验1组氨态氮浓度显著高于试验2组(P<0.05)。2)试验1组瘤胃液木聚糖酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组间瘤胃液微晶纤维素酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、纤维二糖酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验1组瘤胃液乙酸浓度最高,显著高于试验2组(P<0.05);瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度也最高,显著高于对照组和试验2组(P<0.05);3组瘤胃液丙酸和丁酸浓度、乙酸/丙酸差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)各组血浆生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,白酒糟替代40%以内精料不会对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵与血浆生化指标产生不良影响,相比较而言,以20%水平较优。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of white distiller＇ s grains （from Meijiu river area in Guizhou province） on rumen fermentation and plasma biochemical indexes of Qianbeima goats. Six goats with similar age and body weight were selected as experiment animals and assigned to 3 groups with 2 replicates per group and 1 goat per replicate using 3x3 Latin square design. Goats in control group were fed a basal diet, and concentrates in diet for goats in trial group 1 and trial group 2 were replaced with 20% and 40% white distiller＇ s grains, respectively. The trial lasted for 45 d consisted of 3 periods with 10 d of pre-trial period and 5 d trial period each. Plasma and rumen fluid samples were collected in trial period to determine pH, buffer capacity, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acid, the activities of microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellobiase and xylanase in rumen fluid, and the contents of glucose, urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol and creatinine in plasma. The results were showed as follows： 1 ） there was no significant difference for pH and buffer capacity in rumen fluid in 3 groups （P〉0.05） ; the highest NH3-N concentration in rumen fluid was found in trial group l, and was significantly higher than that in trial group 2 （P〈0.05） , however, they were all listed in the normal range. 2） The activity of xylanase in rumen fluid in trial group 1 was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）, and the activities of microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and cellobiase were not significantly affected （P〉0.05）. 3） Trial group 1 had the highest concentrations of acetate in rumen fluid, which was significantly higher than that in trial group 2 （P〈0.05） ; the concentration of total volatile fatty acid in trial group 1 was significantly higher than that in control group and trial group 2 （P〈0.05） ; there were no significant differences of propionate and butyrate concentration and acetate/propionate in 3 groups （P〉0.05）. 4） There were no significant differences of plasma biochemical indexes in 3 groups （P〉0.05）. The above results indicate that up to 40% replacement level of concentrate with distiller＇ s grains does not exert negative effects on rumen fermentation and plasma biochemical indexes, and 20% replacement level is recommended in the practice.