应对突发公共卫生事件的伦理探讨

Ethics Discussion on Responding to Public Health Emergencies

在应对突发公共卫生事件的过程中,处理原则与伦理原则的冲突不断显露。结合某单位参与的几项重大突发公共卫生事件的实践体会,提出了如下原则:兼顾施救与告知、实现有效救助和知情同意的统一,兼顾强制与顺从、实现整体利益和个体利益的统一,兼顾公平与优先、实现急重优先和机会均等的统一,兼顾施救与受救、实现受救者和施救者权益的统一,为合理解决突发公共卫生事件过程中的伦理冲突提供参考。

In the process of responding to public health emergencies, the conflicts between the principles of management and ethics are constantly revealed. Combining with a unit＇ s practical experiences of participating in several major public health emergencies, this paper put forward that it should take into account both the rescue and notification to achieve the unity of effective rescue and informed consent; take into account both the enforcement and obedience to achieve the unity of the interest of groups and individuals ; take into account both the equality and priority to achieve the unity of urgency priority and equal opportunity; take into account both the rescuing and suf- fering to achieve the unity of interest between the rescuers and the victims, and thus to provide references for the reasonable solution of the ethical conflicts in the process of responding to public health emergencies.