某艾滋病高发区在婚HIV/AIDS病人的晚发现状况及高危行为特征

Late HIV diagnosis status and risk behaviors among currently married HIV/AIDS patients in one HIV high prevalence city

目的了解柳州市在婚HIV/AIDS的晚发现状况及其高危行为特征。方法采用横断面调查方法对2011年1月~2012年6月柳州市新报告的年龄≥15周岁的在婚HIV/AIDS病人进行问卷调查。结果共调查588例HIV/AIDS,晚发现比例为73.0%。查出感染HIV之前有异性固定性伴性行为和非固定异性性行为的比例分别为93.9%和61.7%,知道其异性固定性伴和非固定异性性伴HIV感染状况的比例分别为50.7%和1.9%;8.3%有共用针具注射吸毒史。不同特征的HIV/AIDS晚发现比例不同,其中男性、年龄>40岁、壮族、样本来源于医院就诊者检测和阳性者配偶/性伴检测、有非固定异性性行为者的晚发现比例均高于其他特征者,差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。仅10.2%在查出感染HIV之前有做HIV检测的想法。结论柳州市在婚HIV/AIDS的晚发现比例已处于较高水平,并存在较高比例的非固定异性性行为和较低的个人主动检测意识,这将加剧HIV在夫妻间的传播,因此应加强主动监测力度,扩大对该类人群的艾滋病宣传和检测,促进HIV/AIDS的早期发现。

Objective To understand the status of late HIV diagnosis and risk behaviors among currently married HIV/ AIDS patients in Liuzhou City. Methods A cross - sectional survey was conducted to the eligible study individuals. Indi- viduals who were newly diagnosed with HIV infection between January 2011 and June 2012, lived in Liuzhou city, aged 〉I 15 years and married were eligible. Results Of 588 participants, the prevalence of late HIV diagnosis was 73.0%. The pro- portions of having regular heterosexual partner and casual heterosexual partner prior to HIV diagnosis were 93.9% and 61. 7% , respectively. The proportions of knowing their regular and casual heterosexual partners＇HIV statuses were 50.7% and 1.9% , respectively. 8.3% had a history of needle sharing for injecting drugs. The prevalence of late HIV diagnosis among the participants who were aged 〉 40 years old, male, zhuang ethnicity, detected via ＂HIV testing for persons seeking medi- cal care for illness＂ or ＂HIV testing for persons whose spouse/sexual - partner is HIV - positive＂ , and had casual hetero- sexual behaviors were all higher than other participants （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Only 10. 2% had intention of getting HIV tested prior to their HIV diagnosis. Conclusion The proportion of late HIV diagnosis had reached a quite high level and with high rates of casual heterosexual behaviors and low initiative of HIV testing among currently married HIV/AIDS patients in Li- uzhou city, which might accelerate the spreading of HIV infection to spouses. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen HIV initiative monitoring and expand public information campaigns and testing about HIV, to detect HIV/AIDS patients earlier.