微生物在防治黄曲霉菌及毒素中的应用

Application of microbes in control of crop Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins

黄曲霉菌及其黄曲霉毒素对人类的严重危害是世界性难题,给粮食生产和人类健康带来了极大的损害。在对黄曲霉菌及毒素的防治研究中,微生物资源已被证明具有高效的抑菌作用。近年来,多种新颖的微生物资源被筛选和应用于防治田间或储藏期作物黄曲霉病害,取得了高效的应用价值。研究对近期报道的各类功能微生物在防治田间和储藏期黄曲霉菌及毒素的最新进展进行了综述,微生物通过竞争抑制、拮抗作用、毒素的吸附和降解、储藏期呼吸抑制、以及新发现的微生物挥发气体抑菌等方式发挥拮抗作用,为田间和储藏期作物的合理防控、食品安全和人类健康等提供重要的参考依据。

Aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus are hazardous to humans all over the world, causing great damage to crop production and human health. Among the methods used in control ofA. flavus and aflatoxins, microbes have been proven validly and effectively in the field or post-harvest. In this study, we reviewed currently reported microbes which show great biocontrol activity against A. flavus and aflatoxins at pre- or post-harvest. The biocontrol strategies of these microbes include competitive effect, antagonistic effect, aflatoxins elimination effect, pathogen respiratory depression, and the newfound microbe antifungal volatiles. These methods will provide useful strategies for preventing field and harvested crops from pathogen damage and further keeping food safety and human health.