极低出生体质量早产儿两种微量母乳喂养方法的临床观察

Clinical Observation of Two Kinds of Micro-breast Feeding Methods in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants

目的:比较极低出生体质量儿(VLBWI)的两种微量喂养方法的效果。方法:将66例VLBWI随机分成两组,治疗组35例,对照组31例,经口胃管微泵输注微量母乳,前者持续2 h,后者持续15 min,均2 h喂奶一次,视情况加奶并逐渐改经口喂养,观察两组喂养不耐受、恢复至出生体质量时间、达完全肠内喂养时间。结果:治疗组的喂养不耐受率11.4%,对照组38.7%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组在恢复至出生体质量时间、达到完全肠内喂养时间分别为(10.38±2.83)d、(8.47±2.25)d,均明显短于对照组的(11.75±1.64)d、(9.56±1.83)d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在经口胃管间断性持续微泵输注微量母乳的两种方法中,每次持续2 h比持续15 min的方法更有利于VLBWI的胃肠道成熟、减少喂养不耐受、缩短完全胃肠内喂养时间及恢复至出生体质量时间。

Objective To compare the effect of two kinds of micro feeding methods in very low birth weight infants（VLBWI）. Method 66 cases of VLBWI were randomly divided into two groups, 35 cases in the treatment group, 31 cases in the control group, the gastric tube micro pump infusion micro breast milk, the former lasted 2h, which lasted 15 min, every 2h feeding time, depending on the circumstances, increase the feeding amount, and gradually changed to oral feeding.The two groups of feeding intolerance, the time to return to birth weight and the time of total enteral feeding were observed. Result The treatment group feeding intolerance rate was 11.4 %, the control group was 38.7 %, there was significant difference between two groups（P〈0.05）; the treatment group in the recovery time to birth weight and reach full enteral feeding time was（10.38 ± 2.83） d,（8.47 ± 2.25） d, were significantly shorter than the control group（11.75 ± 1.64） d,（9.56 ± 1.83） d, the two groups, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the oral gastric tube continuous micro pump infusion of trace milk in two kinds of methods, each lasting 2 h than for 15 min method is more conducive to the VLBWI of the gastrointestinal tract, reduce feeding intolerance, shorten the time of total enteral feeding and complete recovery time to birth weight.