阴道微环境改变与宫颈癌相关性的研究进展

Progress in Research on the Relationship between Vaginal Microenvironment and Cervical Cancer

宫颈癌已被公认为是一种常见的散发性性传播疾病,是影响妇女健康最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其已上升为女性第四位最常见的癌症。所有类型宫颈癌的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的DNA检测能鉴定99.7%各种类型的宫颈癌,其中,HPV的类型主要包括高危和低危两种主要型别,高危型HPV主要有16、18、31、33、35、45型等;低危型HPV主要有HPV6、11、30、39、42、43、44型等,有效的筛查及治疗项目被认为是能够降低全球宫颈癌高死亡率的有效措施。阴道微环境为阴道内正常的定植菌群、宿主免疫能力、体内外环境与宫颈阴道解剖结构之间构成的动态平衡的微生态系统。随着分子生物学及流行病学研究的深入,阴道微环境平衡改变影响宫颈癌发生发展的机制开始受到关注。在宫颈癌发生发展的过程中,生殖道感染性疾病及阴道微生态环境的改变也起到重要作用。

Cervical cancer has been recognized as a common sporadic sexually transmitted disease and is one of the most common malignancies affecting women, which has risen to the fourth most common cancer in women. All types of cervical cancer HPV DNA detection can identify 99.7% of various types of cervical cancer, of which, HPV types include high and low risk of two major types, high-risk HPV mainly 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45 type; low-risk HPV mainly HPV6, 11, 30, 39, 42, 43, 44 type, effective screening and treatment project is considered to be able to reduce the global cervical cancer high mortality rate effective measures. Vaginal microenvironment for the normal vaginal colonization colonies, host immunity, in vitro and in vivo environment and cervical vaginal anatomical structure between the dynamic balance of the micro-ecosystem. With the development of molecular biology and epidemiology, the mechanism of vaginal microenvironment balance changes in the development of cervical cancer began to receive attention. In the development of cervical cancer in the process of reproductive tract infections and vaginal microecological environment changes also play an important role.