神农架四种特色药用珍稀植物内生真菌的多样性研究

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Four Endemic Medicinal Rare Plants of Shennongjia Nature Reserve

药用植物内生真菌是一类具有广泛的应用前景的微生物资源.本研究以神农架的特色药用植物红豆杉(Taxus Chinensis)、珙桐(Davidia involucrata Baill.)、白三七(Panax notoginseng)、七叶一枝花(Paris polyphylla.)为研究对象,利用rDNA-ITS序列对其健康组织的内生真菌多样性进行分析.结果表明,从这4种植物中共分离出97株归属于23个属具有丰富的生物多样性的内生真菌.其中从红豆杉中分离得到内生真菌70株,分属于21个属优势种属是镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.)、拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis sp.)和拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis sp.);从白三七中分离内生真菌12株,归属于毛霉属(Mucor sp.)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.),从七叶一枝花中分离内生真菌6株,归属毛霉属(Mucor sp.)、镰刀菌属(Mucor sp.)和青霉属(Penicillium sp.),从珙桐中分离内生真菌9株炭角菌属(Xylaria sp.)、炭团菌属(Hypoxylon sp.)、拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis sp.)、链格孢属(Alternaria sp.)、柄孢壳属(Podospora sp.)、间座壳属(Diaporthe sp.).

Endophytic fungi of medicinal plants are a kind of microbial resources with wide application pros- pect. In this study, four different special medicinal plants Taxus Chinensis, Davidia involucrata Baill. , Pa- nax notoginseng, and Paris polyphylla, of Shennongjia are discussed. The endophytic fungi diversity from healthy tissues are analyzed by rDNA-ITS sequences. The results show that a total of 97 endophytic fungi be- longing to 23 genera were isolated from these four different plants. 70 strains of endophytic fungi belonging to 21 genera rich in biodiversity were isolated from Taxus Chinensis, and the dominant species were Fusarium sp. , Pestalotiopsis sp. , and Phomopsis sp. . 12 strains of endophytic fungi belonging to Mucor sp. and Fu- sarium sp. were isolated from Panax notoginseng. 6 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from Paris polyphylla.. , belonging to Mucor sp. , Mucor sp. , and Penicillium sp.. 9 genera of endophytic fungi isola- ted from Davidia involucrata Baill. were Xylaria sp. , Hypoxylon sp. , Phomopsis sp. , Alternaria sp. ,Podospora sp. , Diaporthe sp..