雅可比的信仰知识学

On Jacoby's Belief Knowledge

在知识的来源问题上,门德尔松和雅可比各抒己见,各执一端,通过对斯宾诺莎知识学的诠释,把知识的来源之争推向新的高潮。康德坚持调和的立场,既维护着理性的权威,又为信仰留下空间。为了弥合康德知识学的巨大鸿沟,雅可比确立了信仰知识学。信仰就是知识,就是一种直接知识。这种知识不能依靠理性的反思和推演,只能通过个体的信仰、良知、情感方能通达。这种直接知识和间接知识也是统一的,是教育、文化的结果。

On the question of the source of knowledge, Mendelssohn and Jacoby each express their opinions, through the interpretation of Spinoza＇s knowledge, and push the debate on the source of knowledge to a new climax. Kant insisted on the position of reconciliation, not only to maintain the authority of reason, but also to leave space for belief. In order to bridge the great gap of Kant＇s knowledge, Jacoby established the theory of belief knowledge. Belief is knowledge, is a kind of direct knowledge. This kind of knowledge cannot rely on rational reflection and deduction, can access only through the individual＇s faith, conscience, emotion. The direct and indirect knowledge is also the result of education and culture.