金融发展能否缩小我国城乡收入差距?

Can Financial Development Narrow the Urban-rural Income Gap in Our Country?

近年来,国内金融业一直保持着高速的发展态势。从金融结构来看,正在由银行主导逐渐向资本市场主导演进。2016年9月,证监会提出了资本市场扶贫的相关意见,而这也再度引发了国内关于金融发展与收入差距关系的论争。本文基于我国当前城乡收入差距的基本事实,在分析作用机制的基础上,选取1995-2016年的全国数据,运用主成分回归等方法,以验证金融发展如何影响收入差距。研究结果表明,无论是从金融规模视角还是金融效率视角,金融发展均有助于缩小我国城乡收入差距。

In recent years, the domestic financial industry has maintained a high-speed development momentum. From the point of financial structure, domination of banks is gradually changing to the domination of capital market. In September 2016, the CSRC put forward opinions related to capital market poverty alleviation. And it also caused the domestic debate about the relationship between financial development and income gap. Based on the basic facts of the current urban and rural income gap of our country, the action mechanism, and national data from 1995 to 2016, using the method of principal component regressionl this article tried to verify how financial development affects the income gap. Research results show that financial development helps narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas both from the perspective of financial scale and efficiency of the financial perspective.