语境对英语词汇学习判断准确性的影响

The Influence of Contexts on JOLs' Accuracy in English Vocabulary Learning

借用语境理论,设计两个实验,分别测试无语境、句子语境、语篇语境三种语境下,学习者对英语单词记忆或产生更准确的学习判断。实验1采用被试内设计,自变量是语境情形,因变量为学习判断值和测试成绩。实验2采用被试间设计,自变量是语境情形,因变量为学习判断值和测试成绩。实验表明:无语境情形下词汇学习判断值与测试成绩低,但学习判断准确性高;句子和语篇语境学习判断值与测试成绩均高,但学习判断准确性都低。因此,语境有利于单词记忆,应提倡在语境中学习英语词汇,同时须防止语境所产生的学习判断错误现象。

Contexts are divided to three categories in this study, namely, non-context, sentence context, and passage context. It aims to discuss which context is most beneficial for English words＇ memorizing and which yields highest accuracy of JOLs. There are two experiments. Experiment 1 is within-subject designed. Contexts are independent variables; dependent variables are JOL values and test results. Experiment 2 is between-subject designed. Independent variables are contexts; dependent variables are JOL values and test results. Experiments prove that JOL values and test results in non-context situation are lower while the JOLs are more accurate. JOL values and test results yielded by both sentence context and passage context are higher but accuracies of JOLs under these two situations are lower. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that contexts are beneficial for English words＇ memorizing. However, measures should be taken to prevent errors of JOLs when students are learning words in contexts.