惠州市银坑村废弃矿区土壤重金属遗留污染研究

Study on Remaining Pollution of Heavy Metals in Soils of Yinkeng Village,Huizhou City

选择惠州市银坑村为研究对象,采集来自A区(靠近矿区)及B区(距矿区较远)的样品,选取6种重金属元素以及微生物类群为指标,旨在探明矿区废弃近30年后遗留重金属污染的风险。结果表明:(1)A、B区6种重金属中的5种仍有超标;(2)单因子指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法的评价结果均显示B区的污染级别高于A区;(3)A区与B区5种脂肪酸的占比发生显著水平的变化,说明重金属污染已对其微生物类群结构产生了影响。

Yinkeng village in Huizhou city was chosen as the study area. Based on this, the samples were collected from the area A （nearby the abandoned mine area） and the area B （far away from the abandoned mine area）. The typical heavy metal elements were selected as indicators. The risk of the heavy metal pollution from the mine area which was abandoned nearly 30 years was explored. The result was showed as follows ： five kinds of heavy metals （Pb, Zn, Cd, As and Cu） in the area A and area B were still in a high degree. The results of single factor index and the nemerow index showed that the samples at the safety level of area B was more than area A. Microbial study found that the proportion （percent） of the five fatty acids in the respective samples had a significantly change in area A and area B, which meant the heavy metal pollution did have an effect on the soil microbial community in both areas.