无机中空材料制备方法研究进展

Preparation methods of inorganic hollow materials

无机中空材料以其形貌规整、高比表面积等独特的结构特性及应用价值成为各领域研究中的热点。通过对模板法制备中空材料进行介绍,主要包括硬模板法(例如聚合物、无机非金属、金属粒子等化合物为模板)、软模板法(例如细菌、液滴、囊泡等为模板)这2种传统模板法,及无模板(例如Ostwald熟化技术)的制备方法,了解了它的特性及特点,并结合研究现状对其未来发展方向进行了展望,从而更好地促进无机中空材料的应用及发展。

Inorganic hollow materials had attracted considerable interest in the past few decades due to their well-defined morphology, large surface area and wide range of potential applications. The preparation mathods of inorganic hollow materials were introduced, which are the traditional template methods and template-free strategy （Ostwald ripening process）, the traditional template methods includ hard template strategy（polymers or inorganic nonmetals or metal particles compond as templates）and soft template method （bacteria or droplets or vesicles etc. as templates）. The features and characteristics of inorganic hollow materials were reviewed based on its research status, and its development direction was looked forward.