西安市建筑农民工养老保险参保障碍因素调查研究

Investigation on the Obstacles in Participating Endowment Insurance of Migrant Workers in Construction Industry of Xi'an

本文从现有农民工参保率低的文献研究出发,采用利益相关方的视角,研究西安市建筑农民工养老保险参与率低的问题。本文充分分析了各利益相关方间的相互影响作用,及其对养老保险制度安排的影响,以解释农民工养老保险的低参与率现状。本文的研究方法主要包括根据详实的问卷和访谈进行数据分析的定性研究,本研究认为占主导地位的利益相关方,即包括企业和地方政府,都在追求利益的最大化,而非努力确保农民工参与社会保险的公平机会,这是农民工参保率低的重要原因,并据此提出了三点政策建议:积极鼓励农民工去参与城乡居民基本养老保险,改变建筑企业通过二级合同分包来雇佣工人的用工方式,以及加强农民工养老保险政策执行的监管。

This article reviewed the existing research on the low rate of migrant workers in the contruction industry in Xi＇ an from the stakeholders perspective. This paper fully analyzes the impact of related parties, and the impact of these stakeholders in the pension insurance system, in order to explain the low participation rate of migrant workers＇ pension insurance. The methods used in this paper includes a detailed questionnaire and interview of qualitative data analysis. This study suggests that the dominant stakeholders including enterprises and local government in the pursuit of maximizing the benefits, rather than trying to ensure a fair opportunity to participate in social insurance of migrant workers, which is an important reason why migrant workers participation rate is low. It finally put forward three suggestions： to encourage migrant workers to participate in the urban and rural residents in the basic old-age insurance scheme;to change the construction enterprises through the two sub-contract to hire workers, and strengthen supervision of the implementation of migrant workers pension insurance.