高压静电场解冻对冻罗非鱼片品质的影响

Impact of high voltage electric field thawing on the quality of frozen tilapia fillet

本文以冻罗非鱼片为研究对象,分析了不同高压静电场(0、1.8、3.8 k V)、不同解冻温度(25、15、5℃)条件下解冻,其解冻曲线、解冻时间和解冻速率的变化情况;并以解冻损失率、菌落总数、感官品质、色差值、总挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、脂质氧化(TBA)等为衡量指标,研究了高压静电场解冻对罗非鱼片品质指标变化影响。结果显示,对各解冻温度组,3.8 k V高压静电场解冻速率更快,解冻时间更短,在5℃时,3.8 k V高压静电场解冻速率是对照组速率的1.59倍;高压静电场解冻后鱼片TVB-N值和菌落总数都显著低于对照组,15℃时,3.8 k V高压静电场解冻候的菌落总数为4.29 log CFU/g显著低于对照组的4.67 log CFU/g(p<0.05);总体上高压静电场解冻不仅可以加速冻罗非鱼片的解冻,而且能更好地保持鱼肉的品质,从解冻速率和品质指标综合考虑,15℃、3.8 k V高压静电场解冻是最佳的选择。

The frozen tilapia fillets were adopted as the raw material, the thawing curve, the thawing time and thawing rate were analyzed under the conditions of different high voltage electrostatic fields （ HEVF ） （ 0,1.8,3.8 kV ） and different thawing temperatures （ 25,15,5℃）.Loss rate of thawing, colony, sensory quality, total color difference value, total volatile base （ TVB - N ） and lipid oxidation of nitrogen（ associates ）were used as indicators of quality.The results showed that thawing under 3.8 kV HVEF was faster and the thawing time was shorter for each thawing temperature group.At 5℃ , the rate of 3.8 kV high voltage electrostatic field was 1.59 times that of the control group.The TVB-N value and the total number of colonies were significantly lower than control group.At 15℃ ,the total number of colonies at 3.8 kV high voltage electrostatic field was 4.29 log CFU/g, which was significantly lower than control group （ 4.67 log CFU/g （ p 〈 0.05 ） . In general, the thawing of high - voltage electrostatic field can not only accelerate the thawing of frozen tilapia fillets, but also better keep the quality of fish.From the thaw rate and quality indicators,15℃ ,3.8 kV HVEF thawing is the best choice.