不同品系橡胶树锯干处理后生长恢复能力的评价及分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Growth Recovery of Different Rubber Clones After Cut-stem Treatment

以66个不同品系幼龄橡胶树茎干为材料,锯干处理后分析比较其侧枝初始萌芽的天数(萌发天数)、侧枝数量、侧枝长度、侧枝基部直径、侧枝叶蓬数等5个生长恢复指标的差异,并结合主成分分析和聚类分析的方法,对不同品系橡胶树的生长恢复能力进行综合评价。结果表明,5个生长恢复指标的变异系数均大于16%,其中侧枝长度的变异最大(34.74%),萌发天数的变异最小(16.73%)。相关性分析和主成分分析表明,萌发天数和侧枝长度2个指标分别可以作为评价橡胶树萌芽和生长潜力的核心指标。对各品系主成分分析综合得分进行聚类分析,结果表明,大部分橡胶树种质的生长恢复能力中等(74.24%),而保亭3412、徐67020A、大岭66-41-2040、PR107、KHA10、大岭64-21-645、福建796-11、93-114多等8个品系的生长恢复能力强。

Growth recovery is very important to rubber tree after the mechanical or physiology damage. In the present study, 66 rubber clones were selected to evaluate their growth recovery after the seedling stem was cut apart. The indices such as days from cut-stem treatment to lateral buds sprouting（ buds-sprouting days）, lateral branch number, lateral branch length, lateral branch diameter and leaf whorl number of lateral branch were observed and analyzed. Grow recovery of 66 clones were comprehensively evaluated by binding the methods of principal component analysis（PCA） and cluster analysis. The results showed that the coefficients of variance（ CV）of all 5 indices were above 16%. The variation of lateral branch length among clones was maximum with a CV of34.74%, while the variation of buds-sprouting days was minimum with a CV of 16.73%. The results of PCA and correlation analysis indicated that, the 2 indices of buds-sprouting days and lateral branch length could be core indices to evaluate the rubber tree＇s potential of sprouting and growth respectively. The composite scores of 66 clones computed from PCA were used to perform cluster analysis. The results showed that, 74.24% of all clones had medium growth recovery, while 8 clones such as Baoting 3412, Xu 67020 A, Daling 66-41-2040, PR 107,KHA 10, Daling 64-21-645, Fujian 796-11 and Polyploid 93-114 had excellent growth recovery.