社会-生态系统恢复力的测量方法综述

Measuring methods for the resilience of social ecological systems

恢复力和社会-生态系统研究的理论及实践近年来在西方较为流行,然而经过几十年发展,学术界仍旧没有对恢复力的概念达成一致,相应的测量方法更是多种多样。基于恢复力理论对系统相对稳定状态和边界的假设以及恢复力概念3个阶段的演变和理论的发展,总结了测量恢复力的5种方法,得出恢复力测量的3个发展现状或趋势:阈值和断裂点方法依旧是量化恢复力的基本方法;恢复力测量从关注时间转向空间,关注生态转向社会和社会-生态;复杂学和多学科融合的方法是未来发展的主要方向。

Both theoretical and practical studies on resilience and social-ecological systems have become popular in the past several decades. However, to date, no consensus has been achieved on the concept and measurement of resilience. On the basis of the assumption of the resilience theory on relative stable states and boundaries of systems, three-phase development process of the resilience concept, and history of the resilience theory, 5 measurement methods for the resilience of social- ecological systems have been reviewed in this paper. Three directions or trends for methodology development to quantiiy the resilience of social-ecological systems have been discussed： （ 1 ） Threshold and tipping point measurements are still the fundamental measuring methods. （2） Concerns have changed from temporal to spatial dimensions and from ecology to social ecology systems. （ 3 ） Integration of complexity science and muhidisciplinary methods is the main direction for methodology development.