转基因水稻的研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospects of Transgenic Rice

20世纪80年代,水稻改良取得了巨大的成就,解决了人口和经济快速增长对粮食的需求。目前水稻产量的提升存在一定的困难,主要因为缺少新的育种技术,同时病虫害及非生物胁迫造成水稻减产。转基因作为现代育种方法在培育高产优质水稻品种方面起着重要的作用。概述了水稻转化技术进展,转基因水稻抗病虫害、抗非生物胁迫和提高水稻农艺性状的功能基因,讨论了转基因水稻的发展前景。

Rice improvement gained great achievements in 1980s, and satisfied the needs of foods with the rapid growth of population and economy. At present, there are some difficulties in rice yield improvement, mainly due to the lack of new breeding technology, while pest and abiotic stress decreased rice production. Transgenic rice as a modern breeding method plays an important role in the process of breeding high yield and high quality rice cultivars. In this paper the transgenic rice is summarized from following aspects, including the progress of rice transformation, the ability of transgenic rice to resist pests and diseases, resistance to abiotic stress, functional gene enhancement of agronomic traits. The development prospect of transgenic rice is also discussed.