杂交水稻光合作用以及产量性状的配合力分析

Combining Ability of Photosynthesis and Yield Traits in Hybrid Rice

为探明杂交水稻亲本光合作用以及产量相关性状的配合力与遗传力,为杂交水稻高光效育种提供理论依据,以3个恢复系和5个不育系为亲本,采用3×5NCII遗传设计,对光合作用相关的6个指标和5个产量性状进行配合力方差分析。结果表明:在组合间除胞间CO_2浓度差异达显著以外,其余指标和性状差异均达极显著水平;除有效穗和穗长等性状受组合特殊配合力影响外,其余性状主要受亲本一般配合力的制约;光合作用相关指标的一般配合力与狭义遗传力差异不大,加性效应遗传较大,遗传稳定。恢复系RM222、R8319和GR8206多数性状的一般配合力效应和特殊配合力效应较高,通过杂种优势的分析,GR8206的杂种优势较强,具有较好的应用前景。

The combining ability of six photosynthesis indexes and five yield traits of three restorers and five sterile lines was analyzed by the 3 × 5 NCII genetic design to explore combining ability and genetic capacity of parents＇ photosynthesis and relative yield traits in hybrid rice and provide the theoretic basis for high photosynthesis efficiency breeding of hybrid rice. Results. There is a significant difference in Ci among different combinations and there are very significant differences in photosynthesis indexes and yield traits among different combinations. Other yield traits are restricted by GCA of parents except the effective panicle number and panicle length are influenced by SCA of combinations. There is no obvious difference between GCA and narrow heritability of the relative photosynthesis indexes and a great difference between GCA and additive genetic effect of the relative photosynthesis indexes. The GCA and SCA effect of most traits of RM222, R8319 and GR8206 restorers are higher. The heterosis analysis shows that GR8206 restorer with a stronger heterosis has the better application prospect.