卢舍那佛像研究——以7世纪以前的中原地区发展为中心

A Study on the Iconography of Vairocana Buddha—View of Development in the Central Plains Prior to the Seventh Century

中国佛教美术中重要且常见题材之一的卢舍那佛相关作品,是学者长期以来关注的研究焦点,至今已累积相当丰硕的成果。就现有研究而言,依其图像特征可以分为于阗、龟兹与中原系统。然考虑中原地区幅员广阔,若能将文献资料作细致梳理与配合各地作品现状的观察,或可使中原各地的华严信仰发展脉络更加清晰。本文以前人学者的研究成果为基础,着重于作品原生场域的卢舍那佛像与相关经典的传承等宗教发展的社会背景,对其发展作一全面性的考察,建构其历史脉络图。

The iconography of Vairocana Buddha, an important and common character in Chinese Buddhist art, has been a focus of religious studies for some time, leading to many outstanding research achievements. Ac- cording to these research results, the iconographical characters of Vairocana Buddha can be classified by region into three systems： Khotan, Qiuci （today＇s Kucha）, and the Central Plains. Considering the vastness of the Central Plains, an investigation of iconographical works originating from different sub-regions together with careful examination of relevant documents and materials would do much to clarify the regional development of the belief in the Huayan pure land （Avatamsaka）. Based on previous research results and focusing on the social background of religious development, including the origin of artworks and inheritance of relevant scriptures, this paper attempts to fully investigate the emergence of Huayan pure land faith and construct a full diagram of the historical development of Buddhism in the Central Plains.