公平形式掩盖下的不公平——敦煌契约别议

The Inequality beneath Equal Forms—A Study on Dunhuang Contractual Documents

一般认为,契约相关的双方(或多方)关系是平等的。但关系的平等,并不等于利害得失上的公平。本文通过对敦煌文献S.6829V、S.6537V、P.3155V、P.3964等敦煌契约文书分析,发现其中就有一些很不公平的约定,笔者称之为"公平形式掩盖下的不公平"。

It is generally believed that the two （or more） parties of a contract are equal, but an equal rela- tionship is not equivalent to equality in terms of gains and losses. By analyzing various Dunhuang manuscripts, such as S. 6829V, S.6537V, P.3155V and P.3964, the author has found some contracts of high inequality, a phe- nomenon he has called ＂the inequality beneath equal forms.＂