主动调相型脉管制冷机数值模拟与实验研究

Experimental research and simulation of Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator with an active phase control

设计了一台主动调相型斯特林脉管制冷机,采用线性压缩机作为脉管制冷机主动调相控制器(APC),连接于冷指热端出口。通过控制调相压缩机与驱动压缩机(PWG)间的位移相位角实现主动调相,从而调节质量流和压力波之间的相位关系,优化制冷性能。利用模拟软件进行数值模拟并进行实验研究。研究结果表明,定输入功下APC与PWG位移相位角为-110°及扫气容积比(PWG扫气容积/APC扫气容积)2.98时,无负载制冷温度最低,同时比卡诺效率最高,能够达到原惯性管型脉管制冷机同样的效率。

A Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator（ PTC） with an active phase control was design. An electrically driven and mechanically damped linear compressor,which is directly connected to the warm end of the pulse tube by using a connecting tube,is used as the active phase controller（ APC） instead of using inertance and buffer as a phasor. Stirling type active phase control pulse tube refrigerator is easy to control the electric input power and the displacement phase angle between APC and pressure wave generator（ PWG）,which helps to control the phase angle between the mass flow and the pressure so as to optimize the performance of the pulse tube refrigerator. One-dimensional software was used to simulate the Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator with APC. And the Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator with APC has been experimentally investigated. The study turns out when the electric input power is constant,the displacement phase angle between APC and PWG is-110 degree and the sweep volume ratio（ the PWG sweep volume/the APC volume） is 2. 98,the cold end temperature with no load can get lowest and the relative Carnot efficiency can reach highest,and the efficiency is the same as that of the Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator with an inertance tube.