农村劳动力回流语境下的空间规划应对——以贵安新区直管区为例

On Spatial Planning in the Context of Rural Labor Force Backflow——A Case Study on Gui＇ an New District

作为我国快速城镇化过程中的重要行为主体，长期“东南流”的农村劳动力正逐渐回流至中西部地区，成为未来就近城镇化的主要推动力。在此背景下，本文以贵安新区直管区为例，通过实地调研与问卷访谈，对劳动力回流的空间模式与农村家庭城镇化意愿进行了分析。虽然当前劳动力近距离流动维持“二元兼业”的模式较稳固，但未来就近城镇化意愿也呈现出了分层化的趋势。因此，针对性提出了“引导＋倒逼”的乡村体系规划策略，包括以发展为出发点的乡村聚落分区分类、以引导自主集聚为目标的公共资源配置、以管控指引为落脚点的行政村图则划定。最后，对劳动力回流的趋势及未来就地城镇化路径进行了探讨。

As a significant subject in urbanization of China, rural labors who were outflowing to southeast of China in a long period are backflowing to middle and west China recently, and becoming main impetus of urbanization in their homeland. Under this background, this article analyzes the spatial mode of outflowing rural labors and the intentions of rural families to be urbanized, by field investigations and questionnaires in Gui＇an administrative area of Guizhou Province in China. Although the ＂working both in cities and rural areas＂ mode is stable, the intentions of being urbanized in home-surrounding area in future show stratified trends. Therefore, the planning strategy of ＂guide and force＂ mode is put forward, including division and classification of development-oriental human settlements, arrangement of public resources to guide autonomous aggregation, and compilation of guideline for administrative villages. At last, the trend of backflow of rural labors and the path of urbanization in home-surrounding areas of those labors are discussed specifically.