关于智能化钢厂的讨论——从物理系统一侧出发讨论钢厂智能化

A discussion on “smart” steel plant——view from physical system side

钢铁工业是典型的流程制造业,制造流程是其物理特征。通过对钢铁制造流程内在特征的研究,阐述了对钢厂智能化的认识,探讨了推进钢厂智能化的思路及其内涵,包括智能化设计、智能化物流、智能化物质流/能量流/信息流的组织与调控、智能化经营和服务等。指出流程型智能化制造的物理系统要以动态-有序、协同-连续运行为其网络结构及程序优化的导向,并以此物理系统(流程系统)为本体与智能化信息网络系统融合,实现全厂性动态运行、管理、服务等过程的自感知、自决策、自执行和自适应。智能化钢厂的建设,需要深刻理解制造流程动态运行过程的物理本质,构建起植根于流程运行要素及其优化的运行网络、运行程序的物理模型,进而构建全流程网络化、层次化信息流模型。钢厂智能化不只是数字信息系统,必须高度重视物理系统的研究,必须是有物理输入/输出的物质流网络、能量流网络和信息流网络"三网协同"的信息物理系统。钢厂智能化既要重视数字化信息网络系统的研发,更要重视制造流程(物理系统)中物质流网络、能量流网络的结构优化和运行程序优化,通过以制造流程物理系统结构优化和数字化信息系统相互融合来实现钢厂智能化。

Steel industry is a typical process manufacturing industry,and the manufacturing process represents its physical essence. Through the study on inherent characteristics of the steel manufacturing process,the understanding of the＂smart＂of a steel plant were described. The connotations and promoting way of the＂smart＂steel plant were discussed,including engineering design of the＂smart＂steel plant,logistics of the＂smart＂steel plant,organization and management of the mass flow,the energy flow and the information flow of the＂smart＂steel plant,managing and services of＂smart＂steel plant,etc. It is indicated that the operating network structure and operating program optimization of the physical system of the＂smart＂manufacturing process should be guided by dynamic-orderly,synergistic-continuous operation. As the body,the physical system,i.e. the manufacturing process system,can be integrated with the＂smart＂information system to realize self-sensing,self-decision,self-execution,self-adaption during the processes of dynamic operation,management,service,etc. in the whole plant.To construct a＂smart＂steel plant,the physical essence of the dynamic operation of manufacturing process should be understood profoundly,physical models rooted in process operating elements,their optimal operating network and operating program should be established. Then networking and layering models of the information flow in the whole process can be built. The＂smart＂of the steel plant not only covers the digital information system,but also pays high attention to the study on the physical system. Besides,it must be a cyberphysical system integrated with three synergistic networks of the mass flow,the energy flow and the information flow with physical inputs and outputs. Finally,it is stressed that the＂smart＂of a steel plant must focus on not only the research and development of the digital information system,but also the structure optimization and operation program optimization of the mass flow network and the energy flow network in the manufacturing process（physical system）.Through the mutual integration of the network structure optimization of the manufacturing process and the digital information system,a＂smart＂steel plant can be realized.