元代川陕甘军队的征行与奥鲁探微

The Expedition and Auruq of Chuan-Shan-Gan Army in the Yuan Dynasty

较多碑刻资料与传世文献相印证表明,礼店军民元帅府、巩昌汪总帅府和《重修牛山土主忠惠王庙碑》所见诸军,在元代川陕甘军队征行与奥鲁的前、后方设置层面具有代表性及普遍意义。礼店军民元帅府和巩昌汪总帅府掌管奥鲁的职能及属性长期稳定,几乎与元王朝共始终,汪总帅府身兼征南、征西二元帅之奥鲁。四川地区的诸相关万户又有征行军团就地屯田和二次出征等特殊表现。《重修牛山土主忠惠王庙碑》还能从征行、奥鲁等角度披露元末陕西境内都万户府等多种军队的驻屯状况、属性、特色及统属关系等。至少在川陕甘的场合,成宗初冠名组建的陕西四川蒙古军都万户府实乃由原蒙古探马赤军奥鲁与征行部队北归汇合而成。从征行与奥鲁的层面,有助于把握陕西四川蒙古军都万户府的属性,也有助于理解蒙古军、探马赤军之间一而二、二而一的区别与联系。而从碑刻遗留的"凤翔府宝鸡县蒙古兀鲁思千户"等,又能窥见元末该蒙古军都万户府麾下仍统辖着部分较纯粹的蒙古军。

Many historical literatures and materials of inscriptions on tablets show that marshal office of Lidian and Gong-Chang-wang＇s general office in the expedition and Auruq of Chuan-Shan-Gan Army in the Yuan Dynasty were representative and general. The marshal office of Lidian and Gong-Chang-wang＇s general office were in charge of Auruq, whose functions were stabilized as long as the Yuan Dynasty. The Monument of Niushan Lord Zhonghuiwang, from the expedition and Auruq perspectives, described the different kinds of armies subordination relationship in made up of Mongolia Auruq garrison situation, their properties, their characteristics, and their Shanxi. In Sichuan, Shanxi, and Gansu, Mongolia military WanHuFu was and expedition army.