两汉关内侯的爵位变动

The change of the title of the Guannei Marquis in the Han Dynasty

两汉关内侯的爵位变动以关内侯进爵列侯为主导,并以西汉关内侯免为庶人(或夺爵为士伍)作为补充。汉代关内侯的爵位变动呈现阶段性、身份化、时代性和严格等极化的特征,既反映了关内侯重要权益、政治身份与社会地位的变动,又体现了政局变迁和二十等爵制调整。爵位变动成为两汉皇帝对关内侯群体实施政治控制和身份管理的一项重要措施,具有维护社会等级秩序、调整政治等级结构、巩固政权统治基础和加速社会阶层之间流动的社会功能。然而由于法律严酷、权臣干预、频繁而又残酷的权力斗争,汉代关内侯的爵位变动也存在赏罚不公、赏罚滞后等弊端,不仅削弱了皇权对高爵群体的政治支配性和身份控制力,而且激化了统治集团内部的政治矛盾与权力斗争。

The change of the title of the Guannei Marquis in the Han Dynasty Jue Marquis led, and as the Western Han winsGrand the Guannei Marquis Shiwu （or wins Grand） as a supplement form. The Guannei Marquis Han Dynasty change the titleof the presentation stage,the identity and characteristics of the times,not only reflects the changes in the equity the GuanneiMarquis, political identity and social status, but also reflects the political situation changes, adjust the system of Twenty Grand,emperor and the evolution of the relationship between the Gaolue groups. Title change has become an important measure to im-plement the Han emperor political identity management and control of the Guannei Marquis group, not only helps to maintainthe vitality of the Guannei Marquis groups,and accelerate the adjustment of the flow between social classes and political hierar-chical structure. However,the title changes in the ktan Dynasty the Guannei Marquis also resent unfair punishment, punishmentlag and other defects.